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Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
Volume 63, Issue 3 , July 1999, Pages 507-513

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doi:10.1016/S0091-3057(99)00039-8    How to cite or link using doi (opens new window) Cite or link using doi  
Copyright © 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Articles

The Acute Effects of Monoamine Reuptake Inhibitors on the Stimulus Effects of Hallucinogens

J. C. WinterCorresponding Author Contact Information, a, Scott Helsleya, David Fiorellaa and R. A. Rabina

a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 102 Farber Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214-3000 USA

Received 15 May 1998; revised 22 December 1998; accepted 11 January 1999. Available online 25 June 1999.


Abstract

In a previous study it was observed that fluoxetine potentiates the stimulus effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). In the present investigation, stimulus control was established in groups of rats using as training drugs the hallucinogens lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD); 0.1 mg/kg), (-)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine [(-)-DOM; 0.56 mg/kg], ibogaine (10 mg/kg), and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT; 3 mg/kg). A two-lever, fixed-ratio 10, positively reinforced task with saline controls was employed. The hypotheses tested were that (a) monoamine uptake inhibitors other than fluoxetine potentiate the discriminative effects of LSD, and (b) hallucinogens other than LSD are potentiated by acute pretreatment with monoamine uptake inhibitors. The effects of a range of doses of each of the training drugs were determined both alone and following pretreatment with the monoamine reuptake inhibitors fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, and venlafaxine. In LSD-trained subjects, all three reuptake inhibitors caused a significant increase in LSD-appropriate responding. Similar results were observed in rats trained with (-)-DOM and with ibogaine. In 5-MeO-DMT–trained subjects, only fluoxetine resulted in an enhancement of drug-appropriate responding. The reuptake inhibitors given alone elicited varying degrees of responses appropriate for the respective training drugs. For fluoxetine in rats trained with LSD and ibogaine, for venlafaxine in LSD trained, and for fluvoxamine in (-)-DOM trained, the degree of responding met our criterion for intermediate responding, i.e., significantly different from both training conditions. Subsequent experiments in (-)-DOM–trained subjects examined a range of doses of each of the reuptake inhibitors in combination with a fixed dose of ( -)-DOM (0.1 mg/kg), which alone yielded about 50% (-)-DOM–appropriate responding. With the exception of the point obtained with the highest dose of venlafaxine, all data were compatible with additivity of effects rather than true potentiation. In summary, the present data extend our previous observation of the augmentation of the stimulus effects of LSD by fluoxetine to include other hallucinogens. The mechanisms by which these interactions arise and possible differential effects of acute and chronic treatment remain to be established.

Author Keywords: Drug discrimination; Rat; SSRIs; Hallucinogens; DOM; LSD; Ibogaine

Index Terms: drug discrimination; reinforcement; psychedelic agent


Corresponding Author Contact Information Requests for reprints should be addressed to Dr. J. C. Winter, State University of New York at Buffalo, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, 102 Farber Hall, Buffalo, NY 10566-3000



This Document
Abstract
Full Text + Links
PDF (171 K)

Actions
E-mail Article
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
Volume 63, Issue 3 , July 1999, Pages 507-513


 
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